Dear Luggers and ASHAites, Academia and policymakers
Three cheers to Nagarjuna for his intervention in Linux Initiative.
(see his note below)
A few thoughts on the occasion.
That the Govt is thinking about gnu/linux is a great sign. It was always
the case that many bureacrats , particularly from the era of 'self-reliance'
know well that the world wide success of IT developers of India is rooted
in the spirit and commitment of self-reliance nurtured in the early deacdes
after independence.
I am sorry to say that such a spirit is now seen only occasinally.
Perhaps the self-reliance may have got entwined with narrow chauvinism
rather than the grand democratic principle that (m. k.) gandhi demonstrtated
and articulated. In a globalising world chauvinism may be an anachronism.
I am afraid baby was thrown along with bathwater.
The most important responsibilty on those of us who want to see the
survival and growth of freedom is thus to set practical examples of such
commitment to the universal principles . The government patronage to self
reliance may ebb and flow . What will survive is the power distributed
to many. In our context that power is freedom of knowledge and more particularly
quality education, access to information and ability to communicate and
ability to associate. Several developments in the IT make all this easier.
Efforts are needed to make this ACTUAL.
Let us create really good alternatives that can reach the masses.
e-governance and education touch the masses immediately.
I for one would appeal to all the techys to look into the field of
education which is rapidly deteriorating and where the computers are being
massively disused but it is an area where (public and private) financial
resources are not in short supply.Language technologies will play a major
role in the spread here.
I identify the following steps in this direction.
Nagarjuna wrote on 25 Dec:
Ministry of Information Technology organized a meeting, called `Linux
India Initiative' where more than 40 people from various depts of govt
IITs, NCST, BARC, CDAC, NIC, main companies like IBM, redhat, netcore,
exocore etc., and also from the state govts (secreatary level
representatives.) It was rather surprising that there is so much
of
awareness in the Govt circles. This meeting tookplace in Delhi in the
Electronics Niketan close to the Nehru Stadium on Lodhi Road.
Mr. S. Ramakrishnan (popularly known as Ramki) made the only
presentation in the meeting. His presentation displayed that
he did
his home work very well, and the presentation was comprehensive. He
listed various advantages of using OSS. He made it clear in the
beginning itself that Linux actually stands for GNU/Linux, and so it
should be understood as inclusive of GNU and not exclusive. Later
Mr. Shaw (secretary MIT) chaired the meeting that went on from 3pm
to
6.15pm. He took notes of almost all the speakers points and appeared
serious. Prof. Sivakumar from IIT Mumbai, Barua of IIT Gauhati,
were
the prominent members from the Academia. Issues such as support,
GUI,
security, localization, took the attention of most speakers.
Also
since the Chairman explicilty asked every one to respond to GUI and
security concerns.
Keyur Shroff from NCST made a brief presentation on localization work
being done at NCST, and Atul Chitnis of Exocore also made very good
points.
Two volumes containing several documents downloaded from the internet
are circulated to the participatns. This also included some pages
from our own website.
I represented the users community and FSF India. The points mentioned
by me were as follows:
General Comments:
Why cost should not be the sole reason for promoting the use of
Free (Swatantra) Software?
Most people argue in favor of Free Software because of
the
cost factor. This should not be the sole reason
for promoting
free software. Achieving self-reliance is often
very
pain-staking and difficult path. India's success
stories in
Space and Atomic energy are good illustrations in this
regard.
We don't and we should not do `cost of ownership' analysis
on
our path towards self-reliance. We should run for
the values
enshrined in our constitution, such as `self-reliance',
even if
they are expensive. Incidentally, though, free software
is
several times economical than Proprietary software.
Why the expression `Linux India Initiative' is not appropriate?
The term `Linux' refers to only one of the free kernels
available, though the most popular. `BSD' does not
use the
Linux kernel, but is also a free OS. Another free kernel
called HURD is also being developed by the GNU community.
Since most applications that run on GNU/Linux also run
on
several OSs, including MS Windows, it is not appropriate
to
use only `Linux.' We should promote the use of free
software
even on propreitary OS. Most users who are already
using MS
windows can also use most of free software, though it
is
desirable to use a free OS in the long run.
My suggestion is to use `Swatantra Software Initiative'.
One
of the main reasons why we should go for using Free Software
is not merely because of the economic implications, but
its
use gives the users freedom, and self-reliance.
The English expression ``Free Software Initiative'' also
is not
appropriate because, the term `free' is ambiguous, for
in most
widely used contexts it refers to `free of cost/charge'.
Since India is committed to self-reliance it will be
appropriate to use `Swatantra'.
There are a few blocks in the road of taking Swatantra software
to various corners of ICT use, such as the following:
Using documents encoded in proprietary format, preventing
free
usage of data across different OS. This also encourages
monopoly and facilitates lock-in.
Most IT training institutions provide training mostly
emphasizing or exclusively on proprietary applications.
The syllabus in several colleges and Universities knowingly
or
unknowingly mentions not the neutral descriptions of what
the
student is supposed to learn, but names of proprietary
applications. E.g., Excell in place of spreadsheets,
or
Ms-Word in place of word processor, Oracle in place of
SQL,
etc. At least in all Govt controlled institutions
a policy
should be made against this practice.
A policy decision/discussion should happen regarding the
software that is being developed within the Govt
organizations, and its possible release under GPL or similar
protected forms of free software license.
The Annexure-I already contains several broad issues for
discussion. Having supported the spread of Free software in the
country for several years, and keeping in mind my expertise and
the mandate of the institution (Homi Bhabha Centre for Science
Education, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai) where
I am working, I wish to contribute in whatever form on the
following:
Setting up of Resource Centres
SIG in Education sector (including schools)
Introduction in curricula of engineering colleges, universities
and colleges.