- Linuxers - lists.fsci.in

changing hostname
by Nikhil Joshi 24 Jul '01

24 Jul '01

I tried to change my hostname from the file /etc/hosts but the hostname remained the same.Now I found this /etc/sysconfig/network file which had my hostname.I changed the hostname and now my hostname is changed. Is this the correct procedure to change the hostname ? Now when I run startx I seem to get following message: hostname lookup failure I can't read all the messages as the x server now displays the gray screen. I can work normally with the net and mail. How can I redirect the messeges of x server? I tried using startx >> ~/temp but nothing is written to the temp file. _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

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GNU/Linux (start luv all)
by Anand 24 Jul '01

24 Jul '01

> > > > > hi, > > i have just started with linux but i don't know what > are the various commands and their use so is there any > good book or some tutorial which will help me. > > thanks > Hello Ketan, First Ketan after Stallman's lecture yesterday, i suppose we have to start by calling it GNU/Linux. >From my experience, I will give you this sound advise: 1. In the initial stages work in GUI. You will find that all applications work exactly the same way as in windows which i am sure you are familiar with now. If by chance youcome to command line, then login giving username and password and give command startx. click and explore. Make unashamed use of Netscape, Rhpppd, RHppp configuration etc. 2. Get the Linux HOW-TO's. read the how-to's at a snails pace digesting all the applicable How-to's. 3. Whenever you get to a problem with a word that you do not understand then type man followed by the word that you did not understand. for example if you do not understand man then type man man. Over a period of time you will have substantial confidence. At this stage purchase good books on GNU/Linux (i found Unleashed helpful), Ibelieve that the current issue of PCQ also has several help files. I have purchased and am going to read it. Next issue of PCQ is slated for more GNU/Linux goodies so i won't miss that too. Don't listen to those masochists who will want you to stick to command line and learn commands and samba configuration, DHCP config on day 1. This needs to be done but later. GNU/Linux isno longer a Geeks software anymore but a common mans tool. Anand

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My two bits about the Aazad and the Commercial
by Q u a s i 24 Jul '01

24 Jul '01

Folks, I think Philip said "It's okay to use windows if you use a pirated copy. Just don't pay Microsoft for it." come come, people! Was he really serious? No one, repeat, NO one is forcing anybody to use Microsoft products. People use them because they, for various reasons, find no better alternative. Microsoft are within their rights to charge anything they want for any part of their products (someone mentioned that you get the OS but not the API). If you do not like that but still buy them, then it is you who is the sucker, not them unethical. Microsoft is a company like any other. It is a commercial venture who has to look after the prosperity of its shareholders. They also have to protect themselves from the competition by devising schemes and strategies to beat them. In this they are no different from any other company (take the example of the Cola wars). In this business environment, the stronger, smarter one survives. Very much like nature. RMS is a person. More than that he is an academician. He is one of that breed for whom creativity is reward enough - that is their life passion. I have lived among academicians all my life. There are scientists and researchers who sweat and work their butts off, expanding the frontiers of science and human understanding - on a flat salary. Is it possible to imagine a Mathematician selling his proof for money to different Universities? Why, the mathematician who developed most of game theory, John Nash jr., on which much of modern economics is based, did not become a millionaire (or receive _any_ monetary benefit out of it). Here it is learning for the sake of the thirst, not money. Even as near as till 50 years back all pure sciences used to enjoy this kind of freedom. The freedom of not only sharing but distributing knowledge. RMS feels computers also fall into this category, he being part of the breed. I for one agree with him. Whatever, if ever, work I do in this field will be there for all. But why do we insist that everyone should follow this way of life. Trade and commerce are as old as our civilisations themselves. They have their valid place in society. For eg. Edison and the founder of Gillette tried and failed many time before they perfected and _sold_ their products. There were some like Vincent Van Gaug who painted to pass the time(to keep his sanity maybe?) and there were other who did it because some King commissioned them. Both is art. The point is, the driving force for some is money and for someone something else. We cannot call one correct and the other wrong. To make use of intellectual property for the better of all or the better of oneself has to be the decision of the intellectual himself. For whatever cribbs I have read about Microsoft and proprietary software, the best answer I can think up is the GNU & OpenSource movements themselves. These happened because someone (many ones) were dissatisfied with the situation and took steps to change things. It brought a lot of like minded people together, and they worked for the good of all. What is most, MOST important IMHO, is the availability of freedom for such behavior. People were free to choose. and they choose to change things. Other chose to stick with Microsoft(etc.). Both have their reasons and I feel both are right. As FSF is _free_ to choose and decide its ideology and strategy, so is Microsoft _free_ to choose its priorities. And so are you _free_ to choose between them and the others... This is the real freedom. Does a restaurant, who has a popular special dish, disclose its secret recipe? If people feel that they do require the source code for further modifications (I seriously doubt the number outside of computer crazies) and if Microsoft(etc.) refuses, then they have alternatives. They should and often do ignore/boycott Microsoft. But then because Microsoft does not agree with your point of view does not mean they are wrong. They never said that they are in the knowledge sharing business. They are making software which will enable you to use your hardware in such a way as to increase your efficiency(their claim), do things you could not otherwise do (mind you, here I mean for eg. the 'act of sending email' not the software to do it), and be more productive, then they are within their right to sell this software - with all strings attached. If there is any other better alternative to them available, they will be wiped out of the market. As for exorbitant charges, compare vegetable prices at Kurla and Santacruz (W). People often charge because a lot of people pay. Red Hat dares to charge Rs2000+ for their manuals (does it cost so much to print?) because they have made a name and can. In society people are driven by various things - ego, pride, creative urge, credit from others, lust or money, need for money, philanthropy etc. So long as these things adhere to the common moral code of conduct we all agree to, we can smirk at some of them but we cannot call any of them wrong. --------------------- what is it that we live this whole life for? as a human being, I feel that creating something is about the only thing... to live life day in and day out in a mundane routine is not for me... I should make a difference... walk a new path... or die trying... To want is to sin, I feel... want is recursive... with no terminating condition. The path is dangerous... but to walk it is itself a victory. knowledge is decocted essence of information... Wisdom is decocted essence of knowledge... for this we shall strive... long live the revolution... "break on through" quasi

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Re: My two bits about the Aazad and the Commercial
by Sandeep 24 Jul '01

24 Jul '01

Note: I do not necessarily belive in everythin I say n most o the time it is jus for the sake of argument that I will say somethin, in the hope that your argument becomes stronger through criticism. Also I have nothin in particular against Microsoft or ne one for that matter. Hate the sin n not the sinner! quasi writes: >Microsoft is a company like any other. hmm... >It is a commercial venture who has to look after the >prosperity of its shareholders. They also have to protect >themselves from the competition by devising schemes and >strategies to beat them. NOD! NOD! Totally agree. But these schemes and stratrgies have to be legal n ethical. Competition is not bad n needed even, so there r laws to regulate this. Cant say Microsoft is doin this? >In this they are no different from >any other company (take the example of the Cola wars). Cola my friend is not a functional product as software is! >In this business environment, the stronger, smarter one >survives. Very much like nature. lesse... in nature if a weak/sick offspring is born...it is damned to die. Would u do the same to u'r child? Nature my friend is not the ultimate rule book for humans atleast! The point is that in the "new" business environment, it is the smarter n faster ones that survive. Take the case of human beings...we r excellent @ survivin not because of our strength but because of our brains! >RMS is a person. More than that he is an academician. >He is one of that breed for whom creativity is reward >enough - that is their life passion. I have lived among >academicians all my life. There are scientists and >researchers who sweat and work their butts off, expanding >the frontiers of science and human understanding - on a >flat salary. Is it possible to imagine a Mathematician >selling his proof for money to different Universities? Why, >the mathematician who developed most of game theory, >John Nash jr., on which much of modern economics is based, >did not become a millionaire (or receive _any_ monetary >benefit out of it). Here it is learning for the sake of the >thirst, not money. Even as near as till 50 years back all >pure sciences used to enjoy this kind of freedom. The >freedom of not only sharing but distributing knowledge. RMS >feels computers also fall into this category, he being part >of the breed. I for one agree with him. Whatever, if ever, >work I do in this field will be there for all. But why do >we insist that everyone should follow this way of life. NOD again :) This also proves the point that none of these acads r starvin to death! They make enough, not a lot, to have a decent life. >Trade and commerce are as old as our civilisations >themselves. They have their valid place in society. For eg. >Edison and the founder of Gillette tried and failed many >time before they perfected and _sold_ their products. There >were some like Vincent Van Gaug who painted to pass the >time(to keep his sanity maybe?) and there were other who >did it because some King commissioned them. Both is art. >The point is, the driving force for some is money and for >someone something else. We cannot call one correct and the >other wrong. To make use of intellectual property for the >better of all or the better of oneself has to be the >decision of the intellectual himself. hmm.. lessay I find the cure to AIDS or CANCER n I decide that I will get immense pleasure seein ppl die because I have patented the cure n dont wann any one to avail of it. It's my decision after all as u say! The point is that, to be able to function properly (sanely) in a society we need some objective Rights n Wrongs, that generally everyone/majority will agree to. ofcource u could totally disagree with this but this is generally how most societies in the world function. >As FSF is _free_ to choose and decide its ideology and >strategy, so is Microsoft _free_ to choose its priorities. >And so are you _free_ to choose between them and the >others... This is the real freedom. This is *not* real freedom my friend. thats like sayin i have the right to kill u n u have the right to kill me. This is idealistic freedom n not pragmatic. Freedom in a social setting comes with "just" limitations. >Does a restaurant, who has a popular special dish, disclose >its secret recipe? again, ne dish is not functional in the same sense as software is. u "use" software n u "enjoy" a dish/art, from a enduser point of view. >then they are within their right to sell this software - >with all strings attached. ??? eh?..... >If there is any other better alternative to them available, >they will be wiped out of the market. Thats the point, Microsoft *kill/buys* all its alternative. >In society people are driven by various things - ego, >pride, creative urge, credit from others, lust or money, >need for money, philanthropy etc. So long as these things >adhere to the common moral code of conduct we all agree to, >we can smirk at some of them but we cannot call any of them >wrong. NOD! NOD! totally agree. emphasis on *MORAL CODE* Sandeep --- "I am better off than he(a man reputed for wisdom) is, for he knows nothing, and thinks that he knows; I neither know nor think that I know..." ~Plato ___________________________________________________________________ *FREE* Web-based Email Accounts at BOX.COM - http://www.box.com/?i=2 Access Your Email from ANYWHERE!

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[link] -- Bootstrapping a Linux system - An Analysis
by Navin Dhanuka 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

A complete understanding of the internal workings of Linux requires a lot of patience and even sacrifice because it requires a complete understanding of the architecture of the Linux Kernel. Most Linux users either don't have that much study time available or are not that interested in it, while some may have other important things to do in life. But for those of you who, like me, are interested in what happens at boot time this article will attempt to cast a little more light on the issue. >>> http://www.linux.com/learn/newsitem.phtml?sid=1&aid=12476 <<< |-------------------------| |:::::linuxCAMPUS.net:::::| |-------------------------| __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Make international calls for as low as $.04/minute with Yahoo! Messenger http://phonecard.yahoo.com/

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Re: [ILUG-BOM] Linux on Palm
by mayuresh＠vsnl.com 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

Hi Vijay, Actually speaking its just plain useless to run Linux on Palm Hardware, reasons: 1. Palm uses DragonBall which does not have memory protection, hence no pre-emptive multitasking. 2. Existing Palm apps cannot run, they are built to run for PalmOS. Warm Regards, ~Mayuresh vdings(a)satyam.net.in wrote Hey check out www.linuxda.com Its a company that has linux running palm hardware You can download linux for your Palm IIIx, IIIxe, Palm Vx what I am interested in knowing from the more adventurous ones (those who try the OS) is whether my Palm apps will run on the linux OS Anyway...have fun _______________________________________________ Linuxers mailing list Linuxers(a)mm.ilug-bom.org.in http://mm.ilug-bom.org.in/mailman/listinfo/linuxers

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Re: [ILUG-BOM] Why do we hate Windows?
by sisiro . 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

Nikhil, An interesting topic of discussion!! Linuxers hate Windoze and Micro$oft because of it's lousy ways of marketing, and business practises, and the buggy software it produces. Windoze is here to stay because of the ease of use and being popular, NOT because it is well-designed with well thought-of OS concepts. How many OS concepts of Windows do you think are original to Microsoft? For that matter, how many original ideas do you think Microsoft came up with? Ask them. They will send you a list of all the companies from where most their software has been stolen or purchased. It is not appreciated if you steal someone else's valuables and try to tell the world that it is yours. Nobody is going to have any respect towards such a person or company. There is a long list of companies that Microsoft screwed up, because they were its competetors. Have you heard of a beautiful OS called "BeOS"? Microsoft spoiled a deal that Apple was to make with Be, to implement that OS on Apple. Then, Apple went ahead on its own and came out with Mac OS X. As it has always been doing, M$ messed Be completely without mercy; without even recognizing the fact that BeOS is MUCH MORE beautiful and elegant than Windows. I agree with you that Windows is here to stay, not because of it's strength as an OS, but because of our human nature of being conservative and because of the wide variety of software/shareware available. Frankly, I would hesitate to call Windows as an Operating System. Microsoft, having some of the best talent in the world, is doing the worst job - of creating buggy software, and releasing it without checking it thoroughly. How can you think of any company to be so irresponsible towards the world, unless they are pretty sure that we are dumb? And, when someone advertise their bugs, they get annoyed and say that they have to inform Microsoft to protect the users. Funny, isn't it? They dont do their job well, and dont credit others who does. You said Windows is more afforable than Linux. Do you know that you can get a Linux CD just by paying for the media and shipping charges? So, how much are you really paying for the OS? Please compare that with Microsoft's OS prices, and you will realize the fact. Also, Linux is tested, being open source, whereas Windows is never fully tested - you come to know about a bug only if Microsoft releases it, or someone else finds it. Still you are not convinced of their monopolistic and stupid practises? Any big company try to acquire or kill it's competitors, so that it can survive and dominate. But not as mercilessly and unethically as Microsoft. They as well tried to kill Java, but thanks to Sun Microsystems and others; they couldn't do that! Being popular and widely used doesnt mean that it is good or the best. Do you know that in the process of doing so many stupid things; they once tried to migrate Hotmail servers to Windows NT from Solaris? They soon have to accept the fact that NT can't do it. Well, we can write a whole book about the evil-doings of Microsoft, and the annonying behaviour of it's OSes. Let me conclude by saying that Linux is here to stay. Go learn it, compare the features, and then come back here to give your feedback. thank you, sisiro -- Get 250 color business cards for FREE! http://businesscards.lycos.com/vp/fastpath/

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Re: [ILUG-BOM] forwarding in Qmail
by noel seq 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

From: "Tushar Burman" <tb(a)freeos.com> > >Then I have my ~alias/.qmail-default look like this: > >| forward "$LOCAL"@bar.com > >The "$LOCAL" is an environment variable that holds the user part of the >email recipient. > >So in your case, when mail is sent to pqr(a)foo.com, with this setup, it will >be forwarded to pqr(a)bar.com, which is the same as pqr(a)foo.com. This is how >my setups work - 13 so far. No problems. what is this termed as ? mail forwarding ? noel _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp

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Re: [ILUG-BOM] forwarding in Qmail
by noel seq 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

>From: "Tushar Burman" <tb(a)freeos.com> > > >----- Original Message ----- >From: "noel seq" <noelseq(a)hotmail.com> > >Then I have my ~alias/.qmail-default look like this: > >| forward "$LOCAL"@bar.com > >The "$LOCAL" is an environment variable that holds the user part of the >email recipient. > My ~alias/.qmail-default looks like this: forward "$LOCAL"@mail.foo.com this was ok since i had only two pop accounts which were not local and could be forwarded from user(a)mail.foo.co to user(a)foo.com >However, now I use a system similar to yours. I have another domain > >pointing to the same IP on my hosted/colocated server, so user(a)foo.com > >is also user(a)bar.com in my setup. This is different from your setup in > >that no manual forwarding has been done. Every POP box on my server >can >recieve mail for every domain hosted on it. abc(a)foo.com == >abc(a)bar.com == >abc(a)xyz.com. Do you create pop accounts for all users which are not local, on bar.com or do the mails synchronise automatically. This is because i have around 100 pop accounts which are not local. Noel _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp

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please explain Open source & free software
by Harshal Patil 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

hi, could anybody explain me what differences the open source & the free software movements have? i mean both of them give the source code, they allow you to modify, redistribute. then why is this quarrel? -- Registered Linux User #188850 Don't get mad, get Linux! --

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forwarding in Qmail
by noel seq 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

Hi guys, I have a domain foo.com and pop accounts abc(a)foo.com How do i send mail to pqr(a)foo.com . Here pqr is not a user on my local mail server (qmail) but an external user who downloads mail directly from the net from a different location. Earlier i used forwarding of mails for users not found locally, to pqr(a)mail.foo.com, collected the same on the net by creating a sub-domain mail on foo.com, pop accounts pqr for receiving and forwarding the same to their respective accounts. Now, with many new pop accounts being added, is there an alternative and simpler method of forwarding mail for such accounts. Regards, Noel _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp

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repeated messege
by Nikhil Joshi 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

Sorry guys for getting the why do we hate windows mail twice . Actually I had unsubscribed from my earlier mail address. I guess ilug server still accepted my mail. _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

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help in finding file in linux
by noel seq 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

>From: ketan shah <coolketone(a)yahoo.com> > >hi, > >in linux how to find from root that any file is in all >directories is there or not.ex suppose i want to find >java file i don't know where it is so how to find it >from root whithout searching in each dirctory. > >bye find / -name abc* HTH noel _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com/intl.asp

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Re: [ILUG-BOM] help in finding file in linux
by Amish Mehta 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

ketan shah wrote: >how to find it >from root whithout searching in each dirctory. Can you please phrase your query properly. Anyway, please see man pages below. man locate man updatedb man find Amish.

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Help reqd with installing RPM's
by Navin 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

hi guys, i have RH 6.2 and the rpm on it does not install any other rpm's with major nos. > 3 so i d'loaded rpm 4 from RH's site, but the thing is now i cannot install this new rpm also. can anybody suggest a way of upgrading my rpm pacakage. Navin

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Why do we hate Windows?
by Nikhil Joshi 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

I have seen many Linux users (Linux users in general and not just linuxers) referring to Windows or it's apps in rather demeaning way e.g. window$,win....,M$ Win.., windoze, etc. Why are we so intolerant ? I mean we have been using this OS since it's arrival .Most of us (I am not sure but I guess) have dual boot system . I am not professing the use of Windows but I think it is imperative for us to understand that Windows is here to stay ,at least in the desktop environment . Also I think Windows is affordable for most users ( OEM stuff ) .So I think the argument that Windows costs a fortune is not true. In Linux too we have commercial distributions ( Suse,Corel, Red Hat Deluxe Workstation,etc..) whose costs are comparable to that of Windows 95 or 98 . So the question is why do we hate Windows so much ? Are we jealous of it's success or is it just unwritten rule for Linux users to snub it ? _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

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Rebuilding source RPMs and creating RPMS out of tarballs in RedHat 7.1
by Tushar Burman 23 Jul '01

23 Jul '01

I recently installed PCQ's RedHat 7.1. I haven't looked into it much, but I've been having some problems with RPMs. In RedHat 6.2 and below, I could build binary RPMs from source RPMs with rpm --rebuild. tarballs with specs in them could be tackled with rpm -ta. Neither of these seem to work in RedHat 7.1, even though the man page mentions them as valid switches. On the flip-side, I rediscovered the joys of doing everything from source :) Any advice? --- Tushar Burman GNU/Linux/*BSD evangelist, friend to animals. tb(a)freeos.com icq: 112803958 y!: tusharburman msn: tusharburman aolim: tusharburman ---

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Swap space
by Amish Mehta 22 Jul '01

22 Jul '01

Is SWAP = 2 x RAM a thumb rule? Why do I need 512MB swap for 256MB RAM? I work on 64MB RAM + 128MB swap < 256MB! So if I upgrade to 256RAM, I dont need swap?! or do I? Any lower limit? Amish.

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Output of my /var/log/messages. Please help.
by Satish Dasi 22 Jul '01

22 Jul '01

Dear Linuxers, Recently when I checked the output of my /var/log/messages it showed me this. Jul 19 00:11:44 blwbsrv rpc.statd[573]: gethostbyname error for ^X÷ÿ¿^X÷ÿ¿^Y÷ÿ¿^Y÷ÿ¿^Z÷ÿ¿^Z÷ÿ¿^[÷ÿ¿^[÷ÿ¿%8x%8x%8x%8x%8x%8x%8x%8x%8x%236x%n%137x%n%10x%n%192x%n\220\220\220.............................. Can somebody tell me as to what is happening here and how do I protect my machines. Thanks in advance. Satish Linux Newbie

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tarballs-why r they so called?
by Nikhil Joshi 22 Jul '01

22 Jul '01

We have zip compression format in Linux and Windows though it is more popular in Windows. I can imagine 'zipping' as compressing the data . Over a few days I have realised that tar format of compresion is the more widely used format not only for backing up data locally on the hard disk but also for distribution of software. So why is it called tar and why the file called tarball? _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

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Pine - V
by Philip S Tellis 22 Jul '01

22 Jul '01

Making effective use of Pine - V ================================ As the final part of this not so exhaustive tutorial on pine, we will cover incoming folders, a feature that can really speed up the processing and archiving of email messages. We will look at them in conjunction with procmail, the most common mail filter in use today, and multiple mail servers. Before we start though, we need to know what incoming folders are. Put simply, incoming folders are folders that your mail comes in to; automatically. In a little more technical sense, these are the files that a Mail Delivery Agent appends your incoming mails to. Don't worry if you don't know what a mail delivery agent is or does, we'll figure it out later. Your inbox is an incoming folder, and is your default incoming folder. It's probably also your only incoming folder. For now, let's just enable the incoming folders feature in pine. In your configuration screen, move down to folder preferences, and enable incoming folders. That's it. Now, we can create folders in our incoming message folders collection, and have a delivery agent store messages in there. Move to the Folder List screen. I hope you know how to get there by now. My guess is that your in your incoming folders collection, with the selection over INBOX, and no other folders in that collection. We'll try and create a folder for a pop3 mailbox (imap is easier). I'm assuming here that you have a pop3 account somewhere, so if you don't, you're going to have to imagine this. If you're working on a unix box, then you could set up a local pop3 account for testing. Don't use the account that you are logged in as, because it would just use the same mailbox as your default INBOX. This could cause sharing violations. Now, add a folder using the A key. You are asked for the server on which your folder is. If we were using an imap server, we'd just enter the name of the server here. For example, if you have a vsnl.net address, your server would be mail.vsnl.net. Since we have to tell pine that it is a pop3 server, we add this to the server name with a slash. I'm going to add my yahoo account, so I'll put in pop.mail.yahoo.com/pop3 I now have to specify the folder in which my mails are stored. If you use imap, then your server will support server folders, but in the case of pop3, you have only one folder, and this is your inbox. Specify the folder as inbox. As a nickname, you can enter anything. I prefer to call it yahoo, so that I know that it's my yahoo mail. Just make sure the nick is unique within your incoming folder collection. Now, if you select this folder, you are prompted for a username and password. If the login is successful, you see your message index. If you have other pop3 or imap accounts, add folders for them here. This method of reading your remote mail makes sense only if you want to leave it on the remote server always and never keep a local copy. If you want to download all your mail though, there are better methods that use programs like fetchmail and procmail. I won't go into the set up and configuration of fetchmail and procmail. That probably deserves a tutorial series of its own. Over here, we'll just make a small procmailrc file to sort mails on sender or recipient to different folders. First change to your mail directory and create a directory where all your incoming folders will be. This is the physical location of your incoming folders. % cd ~/mail % mkdir incoming Create a file called .procmailrc in your home directory, and put the following into it: :0: *To: .*linuxers mail/incoming/lug :0: *From: .*someone.special mail/incomin/personal :0: *From: .*somejerk mail/incoming/boring Then, start pine, and create incoming folders for each of the above. When prompted for the host, leave the entry blank. It defaults to a local folder. When asked for the folder name, enter the path to the folder from your home directory. This would be the same as what you put in your .procmailrc file. The first would be mail/incoming/lug, and its nick would be lug, I guess. Similarly, do the other two. We now wait till we get mails that satisfy these rules. Let's hope at least two of our folders have received something really soon. Assuming that you've now received some mail in your Inbox, lug folder and personal folder, start up pine, and go to your message index. Start reading your messages, press Tab when you finish reading a message. The next new message should automatically open up. When all messages in your inbox have been read, pine will prompt you to read messages in your next incoming folder. Your incoming folders are sorted alphabetically, but since you don't have any mail in boring yet (we hope), the first folder it will go to is linuxers. Note: INBOX will always be the first folder, even if you have fodlers that start with AA. Pine will show you the message index of the next incoming folder. Similarly, pine will run through all incoming folders that have received new mail since you last visited the folder (or started pine, whichever was later). What this means, is that if you visit a folder, but don't read any of the mails in there, the folder is still considered seen, and will not be visited through Tab cycling. You can still view it from the folder list though. So far, we've been able to sort our mail using procmail, and view all mails on a single subject together. One more feature which helps here, is the message index sorting. Pressing $ in the message index allows you to sort the index in any of 10 sort orders. I've found, that for discussion groups, it's often helpful to sort by thread or ordered subject. Although we can read all related mail together, we still need to manually sort them out for archiving; assuming of course that you archive some mails. I archive my lug mails, as well as those from other discussion groups, but not those that I get in my inbox. It's a pain to have to type in the entire archive folder name everytime I want to save a mail. It would have been much nicer if pine could do this for me automatically. Well, pine does. Let's get back to the configuration screen, and add a few incoming archive folders. Move down to incoming-archive-folders, and press enter. Enter the name of your incoming folder followed by its archive folder, separated by a space. I have an entry like this for my lug mails: incoming-archive-folders = lug lug Notice that I can use the same name for my incoming and archive folders, because they are in different collections. If you need to enter more than one pair, separate pairs by commas. If you already have a list, you can insert a new entry anywhere by pressing enter on the item before which you want to insert. Deletion of individual entries is also possible. Now, everytime you leave an incoming folder, you will be prompted to save all read, but not deleted messages into the corresponding archive folder. You can avoid this prompt, by setting auto-move-read-msgs in Advanced User Preferences. You will still be prompted to expunge deleted messages in your incoming folders. This can be avoided by setting expunge-without-confirm. This flag will only affect incoming folders, and you will still be prompted for expunging deleted mails in your other folders. How to do that automatically, is left for you to find out. This concludes the tutorial series on making effective use of pine. There's a lot more that can be done, but it's up to you to experiment with all the different configuration options. Some features can only be set through the configuration file .pinerc in your home directory. The global configuration file is usually /etc/pine.conf. There's also a file called /etc/pine.conf.fixed. This is one of the security features of pine. If you run a site where users are not allowed to change certain options in their pine set ups, then you can put those fixed values in pine.conf.fixed. Pine reads configuration files in the order pine.conf, .pinerc, pine.conf.fixed, with each file overriding settings in the earlier ones. Finally, read the man page. -- BASIC is to computer programming as QWERTY is to typing. -- Seymour Papert Visit my webpage at http://www.ncst.ernet.in/~philip/ Read my writings at http://www.ncst.ernet.in/~philip/writings/ MSN philiptellis Yahoo! philiptellis

2 2

Mail Problems ?
by Q u a s i 22 Jul '01

22 Jul '01

Can any one tell me how does one create separate folders for different incoming mails in Pine? quasi

2 1

Dial-Up and DSL on RH 6.2 server?
by rdkoli＠excite.com 22 Jul '01

22 Jul '01

I have a RH 6.2 setup with DHCP server, DNS Caching server, IPChains enabled for net sharing, on a normal Dial-Up connection, which is working perfectly fine for my LAN. Now, we are going to ADD a DSL connection to the same setup, and same purpose. For which we will be adding a 10/100 mbps LAN card. Since, the review of DSL connection at my place is not good, I wish to continue with my Dial-Up connection, whenever there is a bandwidth problem. Having 2 network cards, 1 modem, can you pls suggest me what changes should i make to my existing setup. _______________________________________________________ Send a cool gift with your E-Card http://www.bluemountain.com/giftcenter/

2 1

Mail Problems !
by Q u a s i 21 Jul '01

21 Jul '01

hehehe Just kidding. I just wanted to thank Philip for those comprehensive tutorials. quasi

1 0

Help with library libmng.so.0 reqd
by Navin 21 Jul '01

21 Jul '01

thanx for the reminder philip, but i did all that the first time itself. but then i downloaded the same file again from another location - the first time was from suse's site. it worked the second time around. i dunno why. navin

1 0

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